A mixed bag

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Do Bonobos Embarrass You?

Published October 21, 2022 by Nan Mykel

This, from Three Quarks Daily:


The Gendered Ape, Essay 6: Those Embarrassing Bonobos!

POSTED ON MONDAY, OCT 17, 2022 2:15AM BY FRANS DE WAAL

Editor’s Note: Frans de Waal’s new book, Different: Gender Through the Eyes of a Primatologist, has generated some controversy and misunderstanding. He will address these issues in a series of short essays which will be published at 3QD and can all be seen in one place here. More comments on these essays can also be seen at Frans de Waal’s Facebook page.

by Frans de Waal   Of all the great apes, the bonobo is built most like our ancestors, including relatively long legs and the shape of their feet. Here standing upright, an adult female (left) and adolescent male. Since bonobos are genetically equally close to us as chimpanzees, they deserve the same attention in relation to human evolution. Photograph by Frans de Waal.

It’s not always easy to talk about bonobos at academic gatherings. There is no issue with fellow primatologists, who are used to straightforward descriptions of sexual behavior and know the recent evidence. But it’s different with people outside my field, such as anthropologists, philosophers, or psychologists. They become fidgety, scratch their heads, snicker, or adopt a puzzled look. Why do bonobos stump them?

One reason for the discomfort is excessive shyness about erotic behavior, which bonobos exhibit in all positions that we can imagine, and even some that we can’t. Moreover, these apes do it in all partner combinations. People assume that animals use sex only for reproduction, but I estimate that three quarters of bonobo sex has nothing to do with it.

But there is a deeper reason why bonobos are the black sheep of our extended family despite being as close to us as chimpanzees. They fail to conform to the traditional model of the human ancestor. Most evolutionary scenarios of our species stress male bonding, male dominance, hunting, aggression, and territorial warfare. This is how our species conquered the earth, it is thought.

Chimpanzee behavior, which can be quite violent, lends support to this narrative. This ape is therefore happily embraced as model. The peaceful, female-dominated bonobo, on the other hand, doesn’t fit. The species is sidelined, such as in “The Better Angels of Our Nature,” in which Steven Pinker calls bonobos “very strange primates.” And Richard Wrangham, in “The Goodness Paradox,” portrays them as an evolutionary offshoot, who “have gone their separate way.” In other words, bonobos may be delightful apes, they are bizarre and irrelevant. Let’s just ignore them!

According to pioneering fieldworker Takayoshi Kano and his students, bonobo groups in the forest regularly “mingle” and “fuse” without any fighting. They share food between communities and occasionally adopt orphaned youngsters from their neighbors. All of this presents a huge contrast with chimpanzees, which know only various degrees of hostility between communities.

My own studies made matters worse by describing bonobos as polyamorous flower children. Intense erotic contact, known as GG-rubbing, is common among females. It allows them to form the powerful sisterhood that is the glue of their society.

Since the species has thrown a huge wrench into popular origin myths, we see regular attempts to revise our views, such as when journalists or political pundits tout observations of bonobo aggression and predation. Unfortunately for them, predation means very little. In biology, it falls under feeding behavior, not aggression. Anyone who has been chased by a bull realizes that a species’ diet says little about its aggressiveness.

But it’s true that bonobos occasionally fight. In fact, their extensive sexual activity would make no sense if their society were free of social tensions. The main purpose of this activity is to keep the peace. “Make love – not war” is a bonobo slogan.

Until now, however, there is not a single observation of one bonobo killing another, neither in captivity nor in the wild. A recent count of lethal aggression among bonobos and chimpanzees in Africa listed 152 incidents. Of those, only 1 concerned bonobos, and this was a suspected killing, not an observed case. All other cases concerned chimpanzees.

Bonobos may be genetically equally close to us as chimpanzees, but anatomically they are more like us. Harold Coolidge, the American anatomist who gave the bonobo its species status, already concluded in 1933 from his dissection of a bonobo corpse that this ape “may approach more closely to the common ancestor of chimpanzees and man than does any living chimpanzee.”

I had to think of this when “Ardi” was discovered, a 4.4 million year old Ardipithecus fossil from Ethiopia. Her unusually small blunted canine teeth indicated that she was relatively peaceful. The discoverers could only think of chimpanzees as a comparison, however, when they concluded that Ardi’s physique set her apart from her ape forebears. As usual, the bonobo was overlooked.

With their long legs and frequent upright gait, however, bonobos resemble our immediate ancestors more than any other living ape. Not only does Ardi look very much like an upright bonobo, her assumed peacefulness also brings bonobos to mind.

But we’ll have to wait for a new generation of anthropologists before they will dare to contemplate that perhaps we descend not from a blustering chimp-like ancestor but from a gentle, empathic bonobo-like ape.

FURTHER READING

Commentary on a revisionist 2007 New Yorker article that tried to spin-doctor bonobos into aggressive apes: www.skeptic.com/eskeptic/07-08-08/

Anatomical comparison between bonobos and human ancestors by Adrienne Zihlman et al. (1978): www.nature.com/articles/275744a0

Lethal aggression among wild apes analyzed by Michael Wilson et al. (2014): www.nature.com/articles/nature13727

For further details and references to the literature, read “Different: Gender Through the Eyes of a Primatologist” (Norton, 2022). A video about the book can be seen here:  https://fb.watch/ffbauZBzNb/

From <https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2022/10/the-gendered-ape-essay-6-those-embarrassing-bonobos.html>

FELLOW AMERICAN FARMERS:

Published October 21, 2022 by Nan Mykel

 

 

All right, I moved to the city, but the first seven years of my life were the happiest, and on my grandparents’ farm on Old Dowd Road in Charlotte, North Carolina.  I attended the Church right across the road, and my grandmother was a saint.  When I once asked her if we hated Hitler, she said, “No, we just don’t like his ways.”

With an early upbringing like that, how could I vote for Trump?  Was he trying to buy our vote back in 2020 when he gave 46 billion dollars to aid farmers?  If so, it seems he may be getting paid back in votes.  It’s true  these days that farm folk are needy, but voting for what amounts to the death of Medicare and Social Security is  cause for re-thinking it.  If my grandmother were alive today I know she would say, “We don’t hate Trump, we just don’t like his ways.”  Is there one of the Ten Commandments he hasn’t trashed?  (I haven’t counted).

I love to remember my days on the farm…eating a warm tomato in the field, playing on the quartzite in the red clay under the clothesline, watching the ants in the ant parade, and the lovely smell of the land after a heavy rain.  I just can’t get my head around the notion of rural dwellers voting for a big fat liar.  (I’m responding in part to a NYTimes column by Paul Krugman that got my dander up.)

Talk back to me in commens, if I’ve been able to facilitate that.  Maybe you can explain how you could vote for a liar and risk our democracy…or decide not to vote for him?

Uncle

Published October 20, 2022 by Nan Mykel

 

 

I’m feeling very judgmental toward humanity these days.  Who put what in the water?  What values have we swallowed, whole hog?  We’re letting avarice replace brotherhood and trying to replace human efforts by robots and plants!  There’s a new industry opening up that would replace human workers by robots…and plants!  If I read right, you can order a gadget that allows a plant to conduct the movement of a robot.

Given what we know about the mysteriousness of fungi and their everywhereness, the question is WHY?  Hard to believe it’s to avoid climate change.  This burgeoning industry appears to me to be more motivated by misdirected energy.  I kid you not. Look up plant directing robots, and see how slow workers are in contrast to the robotic world.  And what are we going to do with a generation of prohibited abortions?  Cannon fodder.  Sorry, that I may sound bitter and discouraged; I am.  Where are the leaders of the real Christian churches?  How can so many people endorse lies?

Will a culture gone mad or climate change remove us first?

P.S. I stumbled across a new book deriding climate change sience. I wonder what dark money may have paid for the publishing of that cultural gift.  Alright, I’m going back to bed now.

 

DEAR VOTER

Published October 19, 2022 by Nan Mykel

For America’s sake, do you really want to vote to support….

Lies and liars?

No Social Security?

Death of the Earth in your children’s  lifetime?

No Medicare?

No Obamacare?

The end of freedom of religion?

Mentally deranged candidates?

The end of “Sweet Land of Liberty?”

Ignorance over science?

Crippling of our public schools?

Sell-out of brotherly love?

It’s hard to believe that my fellow Americans could be vulnerable to the trashing of empathy, truthfulness, fairness, brotherhood, and fair play.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SINS OF THE FATHERS

Published October 18, 2022 by Nan Mykel

I acknowledge that most white folks both look down on and fear blacks, and my guess is that most black folks hate, resent and fear whites.  I accept now that U.S. has a problem with systemic racism, after seeing and reading about police persecutions and especially the governmental role  of the  USDA, as discussed at length in the Nation’s 2021 article  “Forced Off Their Land,” by Kali Holloway:

“Since 1965, multiple federal agencies–most notably the USDA itself–have issued reports citing, as the US Commission on Civil Rights put it that year,  “unmistable evidence that racial discrimination”  within the Agricultural  Department “has served to accelerate the displacement and impoverishment of the Negro farmer.”

Recently I wrote against paying reparations for blacks, misunderstanding that it was not for years of slavery but for the discrimination of the USDA.  (Lindsey Graham had referred to it as “slavery reparations,” and I bit.)

Earlier this year the  Department of Treasury observed that “Racial inequality is the unequal distribution of resources, power, and economic opportunity across race in a society. While the discussion of racial inequality in the United States is often focused on economic inequality, racial inequality also manifests itself in a multitude of ways that alone and together impact the well-being of all Americans. This includes racial disparities in wealth, education, employment, housing, mobility, health, rates of incarceration, and more”.1

The Nov.-Dec issue of Mother Jones reminds us that the government also discriminated against black veterans of World War II.  Benefits of the G.I. Bill were administered at the state level, where white officials served as “gatekeepers.”

Fate arranged it–or bad luck of the draw–My genealogical line is tainted with prejudice.  My great great grandmother (b. 1831) was loosely related to to Judge Taney, and visited him while he was pondering his decision in the Dred Scott decision.  Our family genealogy says that she influenced the way he subsequently ruled.  I’m sorry.   An earlier settler from England mistreated his imported slaves, and Francis Scott Keys’ statue has been toppled.  Another forbear, much admired by me, was a Dixiecrat.  I’m sorry. 

As for me, if I have any prejudice it is of the unconscious kind.   I have the greatest respect for black women.  I loved Georgia. our elderly black babysitter whose husband died, she borrowed money from my father,  was unable to pay him back, and he griped about it.  She did not return to us. I missed her and our days listening to Arthur Godfreys and All the Little Godfreys on the radio. I recently learned from reading my diary written as a youngster that I mis-remembered a conversation with her.  I thought I remembered her saying that she’d  cook at my wedding and that I had corrected her and said she’d dance at my wedding, whereupon she laughed and said, “Wouldn’t that be something!”

Imagine my chagrin when I found my  diary recently and read that just the reverse was true.  I corrected her and said she’d cook at my wedding.  Her response was not changed, however. She laughed and said wouldn’t that be something.  As an adult in Atlanta I housed one of the black families heading northward as part of the Mule Train, and much later had three wonderful black counseling interns when I worked at the prison.

The impetus for this post was first, the statement I quoted in an earlier post this year by Lyndon Johnson,; the article mentioned above in the Nation; and an old song I recently found and read from the library’s giveaway shelf —I Hear America Singing  by Ruth A. Barnes in 1937.  The song/poem is as follows:

CHRISMUS ON THE PLANTATION

It was Chrismus Eve, I mind hit fu’ a mighty gloomy day–

Bofe de weathah an’ de people–not a one of us was gay;

Cose you’ll t’ink dat’s mighty funny ‘twell I try to mek hit cleah,

Fu’ a da’ky’s allus happy when de holidays is neah,

But we wasn’t, fu’ dat mo’nin’ Mastah ‘d tol’ us we mus’ go,

He’d been paying us since freedom, but he couldn’t pay no mo’;

He wasn’t nevah used to plannin’ ‘fo’ he got so po’ an’ ol’

So he gwine to give up tryin’, an’ de homestead mus’ be sol’.

I kin see him stan’in’ now erpon de step ez clear ez day,

Wid de win’ a-kind o’ fondlin’ thoo his haih all thin and gray;

An’ I membah how he trimbled when he said, “It’d h’d fu’ me,

Not to make yo’ Chrismus brightah, but I ‘low it wa’n’t to be.”

All de women was a-cryin’, an’ de men, too, on de sly,

An’ I noticed somep’n shinin’ even in ol’ Mastah’s eye.

But we all stood still to listen ez ol’ Ben come f’om de crowd

An’ spoke up, a-try’n’ to steady down his voice and mek it loud:

“Look hyeah, Mastah, I’s been servin’ you fu’ lo! dese many yeahs,

An’ now, sence we’s got freedom an’ you’s kind o’ po’. hit ‘pears

Dat you want us all to leave you ’cause you don’t t’ink you can pay.

Ef my membry hasn’t fooled me, seem dat whut I hyead you say.

“Er in othah wo’ds, you want us to fu’git dat you’s been kin’,

An ‘ez soon ez you is he’pless, we’s to leave you hyeah behin’.

Well, ef dat’s the way dis freedom ac’s on people, white or black,

You kin jes tell Mistah Lincum fu’ to tek his freedom back.

“We gwine wo’k dis ol’ plantation fu’ whatevah we kin git,

Fu I know hit did suppo’t us, an’ de place kin do it yit.

Now de land is yo’s, de hands is ouahs, an’ I eckon we’ll be brave,

An’ we’ll bah ez much ez you do w’en we has to scrape an’ save.”

Ol’ Mastah stood dah tremblin’, but a-smilin’ thoo his teahs,

An’ den hit seemed jes’ nachul-like, de place fah rung wid cheahs,

An’ soon ez day was quiet, some one sta’ted sof’ an’ low:

“Praise God,” an’ den we all jined in, “from whom all blessin’s flow!”

Well, dey wasn’t no use tryin’, ouah min’s was sot to stay,

An’ po’ ol’ Mastah couldn’t plead ner baig, ner drive us ‘way,

An’ all at once, hit seemed to us, de day was bright agin,

So evahone was gay day night, and watched de Chrismus in.

–Paul Laurence Dunbar

Whew!   I was initially suspicious of Dunbar’s motive. Was he knowingly writing a false tale? Was the language to make fun of the freed slaves? (Our culture today has made me suspicious.)  Was he a daring liberal? Was this a serious, possibly true poem?  Imagine my surprise when I discovered that Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1906) was the only black student in his graduating class at Central High School in Dayton, was editor of his school’s newspaper and president of its literary society.  (Orville Wright was a classmate).  And his parents were former slaves in Kentucky.

So, why this post on race?  Probably some felt guilt when I hear angry voices shouting “he was a slave owner.”  And the disconnect when folks pretend to be Christians while reviling their God’s  other children.  To me it takes a lot of gall to claim to be religious and racist at the same time.  How can white folks deny  systemic racism at the same time they’re wishing blacks would go home to Africa?  I don’t know the percentage of current black U.S. citizens who came to this country as slaves, but it’s hardly their fault for having been enslaved and shipped here in leg irons.  There’s a photo of the leg irons used on slave ships, and probably for economic reasons they were not used on a slave’s two feet, but with the irons attached to the leg of one man and and the other leg iron to a slave next to him. (There’s pictures in an article on recovered wrecks of                                                                 slave ships on Google.)

I feel that this post is being written at an incredibly juvenile level but it does state my current opinions, fears, questions and disgust.  And wouldn’t it be a breath of fresh air if “Chrismus On The Plantation” were a true story!

Post Script: Writing this post got me to wondering about the contents of CRT, so I checked Google for books on systemic racism and found on book sites “way over 25 book titles.”

A Fair Subject?

Published October 16, 2022 by Nan Mykel

What’s Fair?  Herschel Walker’s diagnosis:  Folks are rightly jumpy about avoiding mental health stigmatization, but what if it’s incurable and he wants your vote in a possibly catastrophic election?  I couldn’t find much about  Herschel Walker’s mental diagnosis, other than Dissociative Identity Disorder (which is treatable and he has owned in the past).  More troubling–just facts, no stigmatization intended–is an article in Science back in 2017 (https://www.science.org/content/article/ninety-nine-percent-ailing-nfl-player-brains-show-hallmarks-neurodegenerative-disease).  Walker maintains that his dissociative disorder diagnosis no longer fits, but then he is currently quoted as saying he’s against the climate change idea because he doesn’t need more trees.  A recent suggestion was written by Isheka N. Harrison in the May 30, 2022 issue of Moguldom.com::

People are inquiring about the mental health of Republican Georgia senate candidate Herschel Walker after his response when asked his opinion on the second-worst school shooting in recent American history. Some have suggested the former NFL icon has chronic traumatic encephalopathy, a degenerative brain disease more commonly known as CTE.   After 21 people were murdered by a gunman at a Texas school on May 24 – including 19 children and two teachers – Walker was asked about his stance on gun control.  He said that “It’s the person wielding that weapon. You know Cain killed Abel,” Walker shared his view during an interview with Fox News, referencing the biblical story in which one brother killed another over jealousy.

One refreshing opinion has been expressed by the Rude Poet@rudepoet.com, to wit: “The exploitation of obviously brain-damaged Herschel Walker by the GOP is one of the most cynical political gambits I’ve seen in a long timer.”

Climate Change Aid in Paris

Published October 15, 2022 by Nan Mykel

PARIS — After taking a few steps back to get a running start, Hadj Benhalima dashed toward the building, pushed against its wall with his foot, propelled himself upward and stretched out his arm.

At the peak of his leap, he flipped off a light switch, more than 10 feet off the ground. A click sound rang out, and the bright lights of a nearby barbershop went off instantly.

“Oooh,” his friends cheered, as Mr. Benhalima, a thin 21-year-old dressed all in black, landed back on the sidewalk. It was the second store sign he had turned off on a recent nighttime tour across Paris’s upscale neighborhoods. Many more would follow as he soared up and dropped back down across the city.

Over the past two years, groups of young athletes practicing Parkour — a sport that consists of running, climbing and jumping over urban obstacles — have been swinging around big French cities switching off wasteful shop signs at night, in a bid to fight light pollution and save energy.  Excerpt from

Videos of their feats, showing Spiderman-like aerialists clinging to stone facades and balcony edges before plunging streets into darkness with the flick of an elevated switch, have been popular on social media since the start of the trend.

But these so-called Lights Off operations have become extra resonant in recent months, with France embarking on energy conservation efforts to cope with Russia’s chokehold on Europe’s gas.

Paris, the City of Light, is a favorite target. While its landmark monuments now go dark earlier than usual, many store signs still stay lit all night.

“Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy, said Kevin Ha, the leader of the Paris-based On The Spot Parkour collective, with about 20 members. “We put our physical abilities to good use.”

 

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Who Wrote This?

Published October 14, 2022 by Nan Mykel

A . A . A D . D . – Age Activated Attention Deficit Disorder.

This is how it manifests:

I decided to water my garden.

As I turn on the hose in the driveway, I looked over at my car and decided my car needs washing.

As I started toward the garage , I noticed that there is mail on the porch table that I brought up from the mail box earlier.

I decide to go through the mail before I wash the car.

I lay my car keys down on the table, put the junk mail in the garbage can under the table, and notice that the can is full.

So I decide to put the bills back on the table and take out the garbage first.

But then I think, since I’m going to be near the mailbox when I take out the garbage anyway. I may as well pay the bills first.

I take my check book off the table, and see that there is only 1 check left.

My extra checks are in my desk in the study, so I go inside the house to my desk where I find a can of coke that I had been drinking.

I’m going to look for my checks, but first I need to push the coke aside so that I don’t accidentally knock it over.

I see that the coke is getting warm, and I decide I should put it in the  refrigerator to keep it cold. 

As I head toward the kitchen with the coke, a vase of flowers on the counter catches my eye– they need to be watered.

I set the coke down on the counter, and I discover my reading glasses that I’ve been searching for all morning.

Then I decide I better put them back on my desk, but first I’m going to water the flowers.

I set the glasses back down on the counter, fill a container with water and suddenly I spot the TV remote.

Someone left it on the kitchen table.

I realize that tonight when we go to watch TV, I will be looking for the remote, but I won’t remember that it’s on the table, so I decide to put it back in the den where it belongs, but first I’ll water the flowers.

I pour some water in the flowers, but quite a bit of it spills on the floor.

So, I set the remote back on the table, get some towels and wipe up the spill.

Then, I head down the hall trying to remember what I was planning to do.

At the end of the day: 

—-the car isn’t washed,

—-the bills aren’t paid,

—-there is a warm can of coke sitting on the counter 

—-the flowers don’t have enough water, 

—-there is still only 1 check in my checkbook,

—-I can’t find the remote, 

—-I can’t find my glasses,

—-and I don’t remember what in the word I did with the car keys ! 

Then, when I try to figure out why nothing got done today, I’m really baffled, because I know I was busy all day long, and I’m really tired.

I realize this is a serious problem, and I’ll try to get some help for it,

but first I’ll check my e-mail.

Don’t laugh– if this isn’t you yet, your day is coming ! ! !

Growing older is mandatory.

Growing up is optional.

Laughing at yourself is therapeutic.

P.S. I just walked outside and SOMEONE LEFT THE WATER RUNNING IN THE DRIVEWAY !

I don’t remember if I wrote this or someone else did.

SCIENCE IS NOT YOUR ENEMY

Published October 14, 2022 by Nan Mykel

In an attempt to clarify another widespread misconception, I am exerpting only a small part of Stephen Pinker’s major article in a 1913 issue of the New Republic:

The humanities are the domain in which the intrusion of science has produced the strongest recoil. Yet it is just that domain that would seem to be most in need of an infusion of new ideas. By most accounts, the humanities are in trouble. University programs are downsizing, the next generation of scholars is un- or underemployed, morale is sinking, students are staying away in droves. No thinking person should be indifferent to our society’s disinvestment from the humanities, which are indispensable to a civilized democracy.

Diagnoses of the malaise of the humanities rightly point to anti-intellectual trends in our culture and to the commercialization of our universities. But an honest appraisal would have to acknowledge that some of the damage is self-inflicted. The humanities have yet to recover from the disaster of postmodernism, with its defiant obscurantism, dogmatic relativism, and suffocating political correctness. And they have failed to define a progressive agenda. Several university presidents and provosts have lamented to me that when a scientist comes into their office, it’s to announce some exciting new research opportunity and demand the resources to pursue it. When a humanities scholar drops by, it’s to plead for respect for the way things have always been done.

Those ways do deserve respect, and there can be no replacement for the varieties of close reading, thick description, and deep immersion that erudite scholars can apply to individual works. But must these be the only paths to understanding? A consilience with science offers the humanities countless possibilities for innovation in understanding. Art, culture, and society are products of human brains. They originate in our faculties of perception, thought, and emotion, and they cumulate and spread through the epidemiological dynamics by which one person affects others. Shouldn’t we be curious to understand these connections? Both sides would win. The humanities would enjoy more of the explanatory depth of the sciences, to say nothing of the kind of a progressive agenda that appeals to deans and donors. The sciences could challenge their theories with the natural experiments and ecologically valid phenomena that have been so richly characterized by humanists.

https://newrepublic.com/article/114127/science-not-enemy-humanities

His Last Words

Published October 13, 2022 by Nan Mykel

The last words of John Lewis, released on July 31, 2020, on the day of his funeral, as noted in The Nation:

“In my life I have done all I can to demonstrate that the way of peace, the way of love and non-violence is the more excellent way.  Now it is your turn to let freedom ring. So I say to you, walk with the wind, brothers and sisters, and let the spirit of peace and the power of everlasting love be your guide.”

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